Fundos especiais e o esporte: histórico, legislação e produção do conhecimento / Special funds and sport: history, legislation and knowledge production

Este estudo se caracteriza como uma pesquisa documental e bibliográfica que objetivou analisar o percurso histórico, o arcabouço legal e a produção do conhecimento relativa aos fundos para o esporte no Brasil. Instituídos desde o Brasil Colonial, os fundos especiais são instrumentos de financiamento público que se disseminaram no país de maneira difusa e que possibilitam a vinculação, em lei, de determinadas receitas à despesas específicas. No setor esportivo, verificamos que tanto os fundos de esporte como mecanismo de financiamento, quanto a produção científica relativa aos fundos para o esporte são escassas. Considerando a discussão relativa à instituição de fundos nas três esferas federais, diversos desafios são levantados para o setor esportivo e para a solidificação do direito a prática esportiva no país a partir deste instrumento de financiamento público.

This study is characterized as a documentary and bibliographical research that aimed to analyze the historical course, the legal framework and the production of knowledge related to funds for sport in Brazil. Established since Colonial Brazil, special funds are public financing instruments that spread throughout the country in a diffuse way and that make it possible to link, by law, certain revenues to specific expenses. In the sports sector, we found that both sports funds as a financing mechanism and scientific production related to sports funds are scarce. Considering the discussion regarding the institution of funds in the three federal spheres, several challenges are raised for the sports sector and for the solidification of the right to practice sports in the country based on this public funding instrument.

The role of the Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria in the development of global health and its collaboration with China / 中国血吸虫病防治杂志

The Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria (The Global Fund) has become an increasingly active and influential organization in global health during the past two decades. It is now playing an increasingly important role in the prevention and control of major infectious diseases, international financing for health, public procurement market development across the world. The article outlines the basic architecture of the Global Fund, including its overall information, financing mechanism, operational models and key experiences accumulated. Based on previous cooperation, the article analyzes the importance of the long-term partnership between China and the Global Fund, and proposes policy suggestions to achieve more win-win outcomes in the near future.

Dependência, ciclo do capital e limites do fundo público no Brasil / Dependency, capital cycle and limits of the public fund in Brazil

Resumo: Este artigo visa identificar a participação e os limites do fundo público no ciclo do capital da economia dependente brasileira. Para isso, aborda as implicações do intercâmbio desigual, da transferência de valor e da superexploração da força de trabalho para a composição e direcionamento do fundo público no Brasil, utilizando-se da coleta e análise de dados acerca do sistema tributário brasileiro.

Abstract: This article aims to identify the participation and limits of the public fund in the capital cycle of the Brazilian dependent economy. To this end, it addresses the implications of unequal exchange, value transfer and overexploitation of the labor force for the composition and direction of public fund in Brazil, using the analysis of data about the Brazilian tax system.

Capitalismo dependente e as políticas sociais brasileiras: política de assistência social em questão / Dependent capitalism and Brazilian social policies: social assistance policy under discussion

Resumo: Este artigo apresenta o debate acerca da política de Assistência Social na contemporaneidade do ponto de vista do padrão das políticas sociais brasileiras, delineado a partir da Teoria Marxista da Dependência. Sinaliza seu caráter estruturalmente restrito e localiza seu ciclo breve de construção, gradualmente inviabilizado após 2016.

Abstract: This article presents the debate about the Social Assistance Policy in contemporary times from the perspective of the pattern of Brazilian social policies, delineated from the Marxist Theory of Dependence. It points out its structurally restricted nature and locates its brief construction cycle, which gradually became unfeasible after 2016.

Transferências fundo a fundo: coordenação e cooperação federativa na segurança pública do Brasil / Transferencias fondo a fondo: coordinación y cooperación federativa en seguridad pública en Brasil / Fund-to-fund transfers: federative coordination and cooperation in public security in Brazil

Resumo O objetivo deste artigo é analisar a realização de transferências fundo a fundo e avaliar se ela tem contribuído para a coordenação e cooperação federativa de políticas voltadas à segurança pública no Brasil. Para tanto, o trabalho foi dividido em três etapas: (i) levantamento dos valores do Fundo Nacional de Segurança Pública (FNSP), destinados aos estados e ao Distrito Federal, no período de 2000 a 2022, antes e depois da adoção das transferências fundo a fundo; (ii) realização de entrevistas semiestruturadas para levantar as percepções dos gestores responsáveis pela elaboração e coordenação do processo de descentralização e pelo acompanhamento da execução dos recursos descentralizados; e (iii) análise dos mecanismos de coordenação/cooperação previstos nos planos de aplicação elaborados pelos estados no período supracitado. Os achados da pesquisa confirmam resultados de estudos anteriores sobre o poder de indução das transferências fundo a fundo na cooperação e coordenação de políticas nacionais, também para a área de segurança pública. Verificou-se que a ampliação de recursos e a obrigatoriedade de seu compartilhamento com os estados favoreceram o alinhamento das políticas estaduais às diretrizes estabelecidas pela União, mas que ainda é incipiente a interação entre os órgãos, organizações e membros da sociedade em relação ao tema.

Resumen El objetivo de este artículo es analizar si las transferencias de fondo a fondo han contribuido a la coordinación y cooperación federal de las políticas dirigidas a la seguridad pública en Brasil. Para ello, el trabajo se dividió en tres etapas: (i) Relevamiento de los montos del Fondo Nacional de Seguridad Pública asignados a los estados y al Distrito Federal en el período 2000-2022, antes y después de la adopción de las transferencias fondo a fondo; (ii) Realización de entrevistas semiestructuradas para conocer la percepción de los gerentes responsables de preparar y coordinar el proceso de descentralización y monitorear la ejecución de los recursos descentralizados; y (iii) Análisis de los mecanismos de coordinación/cooperación previstos en los planes de aplicación elaborados por los estados en el período. Los hallazgos de la investigación confirman los resultados de estudios previos sobre el poder de inducción de las transferencias fondo a fondo en la cooperación y coordinación de políticas nacionales también para el área de seguridad pública. Se verificó que la ampliación de los recursos y la obligatoriedad de compartirlos con los estados favorecieron el alineamiento de las políticas estatales con las directrices establecidas por el Gobierno federal, pero que la interacción entre organismos, organizaciones y miembros de la sociedad sobre el tema es aún incipiente.

Abstract This article aims to analyze whether fund-to-fund transfers have contributed to federal coordination and cooperation of policies aimed at public security in Brazil. To this end, the work was divided into three stages: (i) Survey of National Public Security Fund amounts allocated to the states and the Federal District in the period from 2000 to 2022, before and after the adoption of fund-to-fund transfers; (ii) Conducting semi-structured interviews to raise the perceptions of managers responsible for preparing and coordinating the decentralization process and monitoring the execution of decentralized resources; and (iii) Analysis of the Coordination/Cooperation mechanisms foreseen in the Application Plans prepared by the states in the period. The research findings confirm the results of previous studies on the induction power of fund-to-fund transfers in the cooperation and coordination of national policies for public security. It was verified that the expansion of resources and the obligatoriness of their sharing with the states favored the alignment of state policies with the guidelines established by the Union but that the interaction between bodies, organizations, and members of society on the subject is still incipient.

The increase of philanthropic entities in the SUS: what does this scenario reveal? / O aumento de entidades filantrópicas no SUS: o que esse cenário revela?

ABSTRACT The article analyzes aspects of the change in the legal nature of private healthcare from "for-profit" to "non-profit" entities. It is an exploratory research, supported by the policy analysis framework, focusing on secondary data from the Cadastro Nacional de Estabelecimentos de Saúde (National Registry of Health Facilities - CNES) from 2012 to 2020 and a case study. The results show an increase in these entities in all regions of the country and evidence that they behave like profit-oriented entities. The change in legal nature hides a broader process of implicit commodification of healthcare services, encouraged by state policies and related to exemptions provided by law.

RESUMO O artigo analisa aspectos da mudança da natureza jurídica de instituições privadas de assistência à saúde, de estabelecimentos "com" para "sem" fins lucrativos. Trata-se de uma pesquisa exploratória, apoiada no referencial de análise de políticas, com foco em dados secundários, provenientes do Sistema de Cadastro Nacional de Estabelecimentos de Saúde (SCNES), de 2012 a 2020, e estudo de caso. Os resultados apresentam aumento dessas entidades em todas as regiões do país e evidências de que se comportam como estabelecimentos com fins lucrativos. A mudança de natureza jurídica oculta um processo mais amplo de mercantilização implícita dos serviços de saúde, incentivado por políticas estatais e relacionado às isenções previstas em lei.

O Fundo de Saúde e sua apropriação pelas Organizações Sociais no município de São Paulo / The Health Fund and its appropriation by Social Organizations in the municipality of São Paulo

RESUMO Discute-se o Fundo de Saúde do município de São Paulo, destacando a apropriação dos seus recursos pelo setor privado, especialmente pelas Organizações Sociais (OS). Para tanto, a primeira parte apresenta os fundamentos mais gerais do Fundo Público. A segunda parte analisa a trajetória histórica do Fundo Municipal de Saúde e a utilização de seus recursos, em grande medida, para o financiamento da atenção básica, via Programa de Saúde da Família, executado pelas OS. A terceira apresenta as características das OS, analisando a evolução da apropriação dos recursos do Fundo de Saúde entre 2011 e 2021. Percebe-se que os recursos do Fundo de Saúde passam a ser cada vez mais apropriados por essas entidades de caráter privado, apresentando uma tendência de crescimento, alcançando um patamar de 89,2% do total dos recursos em 2021. Desse modo, constata-se o movimento de mercantilização implícita, marcado pela lógica de ampliação dos mecanismos de mercado no Sistema Único de Saúde municipal.

ABSTRACT The Health Fund of the municipality of São Paulo has been discussed, highlighting the appropriation of its resources by the private sector, especially by Social Organizations (OS). To this end, the first part presents the more general foundations of the Public Fund. The second part analyzes the historical trajectory of the Municipal Health Fund and the use of its resources, to a large extent, to finance primary care, via the Family Health Program executed by the OS. The third part presents the characteristics of the OS, analyzing the evolution of the appropriation of resources of the Health Fund between 2011 and 2021. It can be seen that the Health Fund resources are increasingly appropriated by these private entities, with a growing trend, reaching a level of 89.2% of total resources in 2021. Thus, the movement of implicit mercantilization is verified, marked by the logic of expansion of market mechanisms in the municipal Unified Health System.

Moving toward improved access to medicines and health technologies for cardiovascular disease / Avanzando para mejorar el acceso a los medicamentos y tecnologías sanitarias para las enfermedades cardiovasculares / Avançando para melhorar o acesso a medicamentos e tecnologias de saúde para as doenças cardiovasculares

ABSTRACT The objectives of this article are to describe the interventions carried out by the Strategic Fund of the Pan American Health Organization to facilitate access to and availability of antihypertensive medicines and devices for measuring blood pressure across the Region of the Americas as part of the HEARTS initiative, and to present the preliminary results of price analyses of antihypertensive medicines. The study methodology included a review of reports made by the Strategic Fund between 2019 and 2020, an evaluation of modalities of procurement, a review of the public procurement databases for five antihypertensive medicines, and a comparison with the price obtained by the Strategic Fund. Differences in price ranging from 20% to 99% were identified, indicating significant opportunities for savings. The study also presents interprogrammatic actions that can support the HEARTS initiative, such as the inclusion of antihypertensive medicines recommended by the World Health Organization, consolidation of regional demand and competitively-priced long-term agreements to manage the procurement of quality generic products, and the definition of technical specifications and regulatory requirements to support the procurement of devices to measure blood pressure. This mechanism will enable Member States to reduce their costs significantly, while extending treatment and diagnostic coverage to more people.

RESUMEN Los objetivos del presente artículo son describir las intervenciones realizadas por el Fondo Estratégico de Organización Panamericana de la Salud, para facilitar el acceso y disponibilidad de medicamentos antihipertensivos y dispositivos para la medición de la presión arterial a los países de la Región de las Américas en apoyo a la implementación de la Iniciativa HEARTS; y presentar los resultados preliminares de los análisis de los precios de los medicamentos antihipertensivos. La metodología del estudio incluyó la revisión de informes realizados por el Fondo Estratégico durante los años 2019-2020, la evaluación de las modalidades de adquisición y revisión de las bases de datos de compras públicas para 5 medicamentos antihipertensivos, y el análisis comparativo con el precio obtenido por el Fondo Estratégico. Se identificaron diferencias que oscilaron entre 20% y 99%, lo que evidencia oportunidades de ahorro significativas. Asimismo, se presentan las acciones interprogramáticas desarrolladas en apoyo a la Iniciativa HEARTS, entre las que se destacan la inclusión de medicamentos antihipertensivos recomendados por la Organización Mundial de la Salud; la consolidación de la demanda regional y el establecimiento de precios competitivos con acuerdos a largo plazo para gestionar la adquisición de productos genéricos de calidad; y la definición de especificaciones técnicas y requisitos regulatorios para apoyar con la adquisición de dispositivos para la medición de la presión arterial. A través de este mecanismo, los Estados Miembros pueden disminuir sus costos significativamente, extendiendo cobertura del tratamiento y diagnóstico a más personas.

RESUMO Os objetivos deste artigo são descrever as intervenções realizadas pelo Fundo Estratégico da Organização Pan-Americana da Saúde para facilitar o acesso e a disponibilidade de medicamentos anti-hipertensivos e aparelhos de medição de pressão arterial aos países da Região das Américas, em apoio à implementação da iniciativa HEARTS; e apresentar os resultados preliminares da análise dos preços dos medicamentos anti-hipertensivos. A metodologia do estudo incluiu a revisão de relatórios feitos pelo Fundo Estratégico durante os anos de 2019 e 2020, a avaliação das modalidades de aquisição e revisão dos dados de compras públicas de 5 medicamentos anti-hipertensivos e uma análise comparativa com o preço obtido pelo Fundo Estratégico. Foram identificadas diferenças que oscilaram entre 20% e 99%, o que evidencia oportunidades de economia significativas. Da mesma forma, são apresentadas as ações interprogramáticas desenvolvidas em apoio à iniciativa HEARTS, entre as quais se destacam a inclusão de medicamentos anti-hipertensivos recomendados pela Organização Mundial da Saúde; a consolidação da demanda regional e o estabelecimento de preços competitivos com acordos de longo prazo para gerenciar a aquisição de genéricos de qualidade; e a definição de especificações técnicas e requisitos regulatórios para subsidiar a aquisição de aparelhos de medição de pressão arterial. Por meio desse mecanismo, os Estados Membros podem reduzir seus custos significativamente, ampliando a cobertura de tratamento e diagnóstico para atingir mais pessoas.

Financiamento do esporte no distrito federal: fontes, magnitude e direcionamento dos gastos de 2009 a 2019 / Sports funding in the federal district: sources, magnitude and directions of expenditure from 2009 to 2019 / Financiamiento del deporte en el distrito federal: fuentes, magnitud y destino del gasto de 2009 a 2019

Resumo O financiamento público vem ganhando destaque nos estudos das políticas públicas esportivas, pois permite visualizar de forma mais transparente onde e como são alocados os recursos públicos para o setor. Este artigo tem como objetivo analisar o financiamento das políticas públicas de esporte do Distrito Federal (DF), a partir de matriz e proposta metodológica que possibilitam o levantamento e sistematização de dados referentes à identificação das fontes, magnitude e direcionamento dos gastos públicos orçamentários com o esporte de 2009 a 2019. A pesquisa apontou: (i) falta de legislação efetiva para garantia dos recursos esportivos; (ii) centralidade da execução do orçamento pela Secretaria de Esporte do Distrito Federal; (iii) elevado gasto com a construção do Estádio Nacional de Brasília; e, (iv) hierarquização dos gastos esportivos nos programas oferecidos, com priorização aos Centros Olímpicos e Paralímpicos, ação com gestão terceirizada, além de capilaridade e abrangência reduzidas.

Abstract Public funding has been gaining prominence in studies of sports public policies as it provides a more transparent view of where and how public resources are allocated to the sector. This article aims to analyze the financing of public policies for sports in the Federal District (FD), based on a matrix and methodological proposal that allows the survey and systematization of data referring to the identification of sources, magnitude, and direction of public budget expenditure on sports from 2009 to 2019. The research points out: (i) the lack of effective legislation to guarantee sports resources; (ii) the centrality of budget execution by the Secretariat of Sports of the Federal District; (iii) high expenses with the construction of the Brasília National Stadium; and (iv) the prioritization of sports spending in the offered programs, with priority given to the Olympic and Paralympic Centers, outsourced management, in addition to reduced capillarity and scope.

Resumen La financiación pública ha ido cobrando protagonismo en los estudios de políticas públicas deportivas, ya que permite tener una visión más transparente de dónde y cómo se asignan los recursos públicos al sector. Este artículo tiene como objetivo analizar del financiamiento de las políticas públicas deportivas en el Distrito Federal (DF), a partir de una propuesta matricial y metodológica que permite recolectar y sistematizar datos referentes a la identificación de fuentes, magnitud y dirección del gasto público presupuestario en deportes, de 2009 a 2019. La investigación señaló: (i) la falta de una legislación efectiva para garantizar los recursos deportivos; (ii) la centralidad de la ejecución presupuestaria por parte de la Secretaría de Deportes del Distrito Federal; (iii) altos gastos con la construcción del Estadio Nacional de Brasilia; y (iv) la priorización del gasto deportivo en los programas ofrecidos, con prioridad en los Centros Olímpicos y Paralímpicos, gestión externalizada, además de capilaridad y alcance reducidos.

Tangeretin inhibits tumor stemness of non-small cell lung cancer by regulating PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway / 中国胸心血管外科临床杂志

@#Objective    To study the effect of Tangeretin on non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and the tumor stemness, and to find the molecular mechanism of its effect. Methods    We used cell counting and cell cloning experiments to study the effect of Tangeretin on the proliferation of NSCLC cells in vitro. The effect of Tangeretin on the invasion of NSCLC cells was detected by transwell assay. We detected the effect of Tangeretin on the proliferation of NSCLC cells in vivo by nude mouse tumor-bearing experiment. The effect of Tangeretin on tumor stemness of NSCLC cells was detected by self-renew assay, and CD133 and Nanog protein expressions. The expressions of PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway-related proteins were detected by Western blotting (WB). Results    Tangeretin had a good inhibitory effect on the proliferation of NSCLC cells in vivo and in vitro. Cell counting experiment, clonal formation experiment and nude mouse tumor-bearing experiment showed that Tangeretin could inhibit the proliferation activity, clonal formation ability, and tumor size of NSCLC cells in vivo. Self-renew experiments showed that Tangeretin could inhibit the self-renew ability of NSCLC cells. WB experiments showed that Tangeretin inhibited the expressions of tumor stemness markers CD133 and Nanog in NSCLC cells. Tangeretin could inhibit the activation of PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway-related proteins in NSCLC cells, and the activation of PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway could partially remit the inhibitory  effect of Tangeretin on tumor stemness of NSCLC cells. Conclusion    Tangeretin can inhibit the tumor stemness of NSCLC cells, which may be related to the regulation of PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway.

Analysis of compliance issues and management countermeasures of medical insurance fund in clinical research / 中华医学科研管理杂志

Objective:Clinical research is widely carried out in medical institutions, and there are differences in the use of research and conventional medical funds. This paper aimed to analyze the compliance issues of insurance fund in clinical research and explore the management strategies in the institutions conducting clinical trials or research.Methods:By consulting the literature, questionnaire, and work practice, this paper analyzed the current situation and existing problems of the compliance of the medical insurance fund in domestic clinical trials, proposed targeted management measures for the use of funds, and standardizes the corresponding workflow.Results:This paper summarized three payment methods of research-related funds and analyzed the main problems at present, including the definition of trial requirements, the payment of combined drugs specified in the protocol, the particularity of medical device trials, the payment of adverse events in clinical trial, the insurance of post-marketing research and clinical trial. According to the regulatory requirements and work practices, the corresponding management countermeasures were sorted out, including that the project funds and insurance audit should be carried out inside the medical institution. Clinical research, medical insurance management departments, ethics committees, and other departments should collaborate on establishing and improving a compliance management system. The research team should strengthen the management of adverse events, strengthen the publicity and education of the participants, and make good use of the sharing platform.Conclusions:The research institution should establish standardized and feasible processes, the research team should strengthen the management, and the use of the sharing platform is conducive to ensuring the compliance of the medical insurance fund and protecting the interests of the participants.

A STUDY OF MUTUAL FUND ACCOUNTING IN PERSPECTIVE OF BUILDING NATION

Mutual Fund is a fund establishment in the form of a trust to raise money through the sale of units to the public or a section of the public under one or more schemes for investing in securities, including money market instrument. The investors want to know about the present and past performance of the selected mutual funds. This information must be supported by certi?ed documents. The system of accounting for Mutual Fund is different from conventional system of accounting which is followed in industrial sectors. Hence, only proper accounting for mutual funds can show the real picture of risk and return of a speci?c mutual fund. An investor may compare accounting information relating to a mutual fund with its benchmark return. He can do the comparison with con?dence on the basis of audited report of a particular fund. Moreover proper system of mutual fund accounting leads the fund manager to minimize cost

Bodyright campaign: Minimizing the incidence of online violence against women

Gender-based violence refers to all forms of detrimental actions to target a single person or a group of them depending on their gender. This predominantly includes violence directed against women and includes all forms of violence (in the real world to online violence). We must understand and accept that even though these incidents are happening in the online world, the internet has become such an integral part of human life that the outcome of such violence is seen in the real life. The United Nations Population Fund has initiated a new online campaign in the name of Bodyrights, which is the new copyright mark to proclaim and demand security from the various incidents of digital violence. To conclude, gender-based violence has been reported universally, and the same things are on the rise even on the online platform, wherein women and girls are being targeted and their dignity and reputation are being tarnished. This calls for the need to raise to the occasion and the policy-makers and the technology companies should offer complete support to not only punish the offenders but even reduce the incidence of such events in the present and the future.

Thoughts on the development of International Organization for Standardization standards for Traditional Chinese Medicine information models / 国际中医中药杂志

The development of the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) standard for Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) information model is needed to promote the coordinated development of TCM information research and application on a global scale, and it is of great significance to promote the use of TCM data. Based on the 13 years of experience in the development of the ISO standard for the TCM information model, we introduced and discussed the development background, development platform, internationality and classification of the standard development. We determined the necessity of the ISO standard of TCM information model to be independent of modern medical information model standard, the necessity of developing standards on a large scientific platform, and the necessity of health informatics experts participating in standard development. We summarized the main points of international and domestic coordination. We emphasized the balance between the overall layout and new areas development, and the importance of application and promotion.

Practice of problem oriented management of hospital′s research expenditure / 中华医院管理杂志

Scientific and reasonable management methods of research expenditure can promote the standardized and orderly development of research work and improve the fund use efficiency. A hospital analyzed the main problems in the management of such expenditure, and began to practice such management based on problems since 2019. By improving the internal control mechanism in terms of the system and process, the hospital took multiple measures to simplify the reimbursement formalities of researchers, dynamically manage the whole process of scientific research projects, and adopted the fund pool management method to allocate hospital′s supporting funds in batches. These measures effectively resolved the main problems and raised the efficiency of fund use.

Analysis of the growth process and characteristics of Young Scientists Fund recipients / 中华医学科研管理杂志

Objective:To explore the growth characteristics of young scientific and technological talents and provide a reference for the training of young talents and the talent introduction of research teams.Methods:Taking the winners of the National Natural Science Youth Scientists Fund of Capital Medical University from 2010 to 2019 as the research object, this article retraced their biographical information such as personal characteristics, educational experiences, and growth history, and analyzed the growth characteristics of scientific and technological talents.Results:The growth characteristics of young scientific and technological talents were obtained by summarizing the age, gender, professional title, degree, and overseas study experience of the recipients of the Young Scientists Fund. The influence of educational background on their talent time was preliminarily analyzed through multiple linear regression.Conclusions:According to the study of the growth characteristics and educational background of young scientific and technological talents, we hope to guide the training direction of young talents and provide support for the selection of excellent talents. It is also proposed to improve the talent selection mechanism, encourage scientific research cooperation, and optimize the talent evaluation mechanism to promote more outstanding young scientific and technological talents to stand out.

Analysis of articles and citation indexes in Chinese Journal of Behavioral Medicine and Brain Science / 中华行为医学与脑科学杂志

Objective:To analyze the changing trend of articles, authors and citation indexes in Chinese Journal of Behavioral Medicine and Brain Science(CJBMBS), so as to provide basis and guidance for further academic quality and editing and proofreading quality improving, and striving to build high-quality scientific and technological journal.Methods:Chinese Medical Journal Network and Wanfang database were used to obtain the information of articles published from 2009 to 2021.The citation indexes of the CJBMBS and the discipline journals of " neurology and psychiatry" were obtained from the natural science volume of the Citation Report (Core Edition) of Chinese Scientific and Technological Journals from 2002 to 2021.All data were analyzed by Excel 2010.Results:The CJBMBS published 187-314 articles per year from 2015 to 2021, and the annual number of articles decreased year by year.The average number of pages per article was 3.66-6.13 pages/article, showing an increasing trend year by year.Since 2015, the CJBMBS set up 3-7 key topics every year, and published 6.4%-16.2% articles of the annual.From 2009 to 2020, the average citation volume of magazine articles was 12.8-27.9, showing an increasing trend year by year.The average number of authors per article was basically stable at 4-6.From 2001 to 2020, the core impact factor of the CJBMBS was 0.188-1.327, with a wave like change and an overall upward trend.The total frequency of core citations was 155-2 836, with a rapid increase from 2001 to 2009, a stable at 2 500 from 2007 to 2017, and a downward trend after 2014.Compared with average level of the core journals of the discipline " neurology and psychiatry" , the core impact factor and the core total citation frequency of the CJBMBS from 2009 to 2020 were both significantly higher.From 2009 to 2020, the fund paper ratio of CJBMBS was 0.42-0.84, showing an upward trend.Conclusion:The citation indexes of CJBMBS are in the forefront of the discipline in recent years.In the future, we should pay more attention to the academic quality of papers and further expand the influence of the journal.

Thoughts on fund compensation of adverse events following immunization in China / 上海预防医学

After the promulgation and implementation of the Vaccine Administration Law of the People’s Republic of China， the compensation of suspected adverse reactions in China is to be reformed and innovated. There have been attempts at compensation through government finance and insurance， but there has been no precedent for a fund of vaccine-related compensation in China， which means that this could be a new method of solving disputes of compensation for vaccine-related incidences and enhancing public confidence in vaccination. It is suggested that under the current system， we can select a province as a pilot to explore the fund compensation mechanism. The fund comes from special financial allocation， special taxation of vaccine enterprises， fund investment income， charitable donation and other channels. Through a special fund management organization， the independent identification and compensation process can be realized， so as to shorten the current compensation procedure， improve the amount of compensation， ultimately protect the interests of all parties， and promote the steady development of vaccination.

Avanzando para mejorar el acceso a los medicamentos y tecnologías sanitarias para las enfermedades cardiovasculares / Moving toward improved access to medicines and health technologies for cardiovascular disease / Avançando para melhorar o acesso a medicamentos e tecnologias de saúde para as doenças cardiovasculares

RESUMEN Los objetivos del presente artículo son describir las intervenciones realizadas por el Fondo Estratégico de Organización Panamericana de la Salud, para facilitar el acceso y disponibilidad de medicamentos antihipertensivos y dispositivos para la medición de la presión arterial a los países de la Región de las Américas en apoyo a la implementación de la Iniciativa HEARTS; y presentar los resultados preliminares de los análisis de los precios de los medicamentos antihipertensivos. La metodología del estudio incluyó la revisión de informes realizados por el Fondo Estratégico durante los años 2019-2020, la evaluación de las modalidades de adquisición y revisión de las bases de datos de compras públicas para 5 medicamentos antihipertensivos, y el análisis comparativo con el precio obtenido por el Fondo Estratégico. Se identificaron diferencias que oscilaron entre 20% y 99%, lo que evidencia oportunidades de ahorro significativas. Asimismo, se presentan las acciones interprogramáticas desarrolladas en apoyo a la Iniciativa HEARTS, entre las que se destacan la inclusión de medicamentos antihipertensivos recomendados por la Organización Mundial de la Salud; la consolidación de la demanda regional y el establecimiento de precios competitivos con acuerdos a largo plazo para gestionar la adquisición de productos genéricos de calidad; y la definición de especificaciones técnicas y requisitos regulatorios para apoyar con la adquisición de dispositivos para la medición de la presión arterial. A través de este mecanismo, los Estados Miembros pueden disminuir sus costos significativamente, extendiendo cobertura del tratamiento y diagnóstico a más personas.

ABSTRACT The objectives of this article are to describe the interventions carried out by the Strategic Fund of the Pan American Health Organization to facilitate access to and availability of antihypertensive drugs and devices for measuring blood pressure in the countries of the Region of the Americas, supporting implementation of the HEARTS initiative; and to present the preliminary results of price analyses of antihypertensive drugs. The study methodology included a review of reports made by the Strategic Fund during 2019-2020, evaluation of modalities of procurement, a review of the public procurement databases for five antihypertensive drugs, and a comparison with the price obtained by the Strategic Fund. Differences ranging from 20% to 99% were identified, indicating significant opportunities for savings. Interprogrammatic actions in support of the HEARTS initiative are also presented, such as the inclusion of antihypertensive drugs recommended by the World Health Organization; consolidation of regional demand and establishment of competitive prices with long-term agreements to manage the procurement of quality generic products; and the definition of technical specifications and regulatory requirements to support the procurement of devices to measure blood pressure. Through this mechanism, Member States can reduce their costs significantly, enabling them to extend treatment and diagnostic coverage to more people.

RESUMO Os objetivos deste artigo são descrever as intervenções realizadas pelo Fundo Estratégico da Organização Pan-Americana da Saúde para facilitar o acesso e a disponibilidade de medicamentos anti-hipertensivos e aparelhos de medição de pressão arterial aos países da Região das Américas, em apoio à implementação da iniciativa HEARTS; e apresentar os resultados preliminares da análise dos preços dos medicamentos anti-hipertensivos. A metodologia do estudo incluiu a revisão de relatórios feitos pelo Fundo Estratégico durante os anos de 2019 e 2020, a avaliação das modalidades de aquisição e revisão dos dados de compras públicas de 5 medicamentos anti-hipertensivos e uma análise comparativa com o preço obtido pelo Fundo Estratégico. Foram identificadas diferenças que oscilaram entre 20% e 99%, o que evidencia oportunidades de economia significativas. Da mesma forma, são apresentadas as ações interprogramáticas desenvolvidas em apoio à iniciativa HEARTS, entre as quais se destacam a inclusão de medicamentos anti-hipertensivos recomendados pela Organização Mundial da Saúde; a consolidação da demanda regional e o estabelecimento de preços competitivos com acordos de longo prazo para gerenciar a aquisição de genéricos de qualidade; e a definição de especificações técnicas e requisitos regulatórios para subsidiar a aquisição de aparelhos de medição de pressão arterial. Por meio desse mecanismo, os Estados Membros podem reduzir seus custos significativamente, ampliando a cobertura de tratamento e diagnóstico para atingir mais pessoas.

Construction and empirical study of clue enrichment model of excessive medical behavior based on the rank assignment method / 中华医院管理杂志

Objective:To construct and verify a model of excessive medical behavior clues enrichment, for the technical support for the safe and rational use of medical insurance fund.Methods:A model of excessive medical behavior clues enrichment was constructed by the rank assignment method. The inpatient transaction records of medical insurance for employees and residents in 5 tumor hospitals in Beijing from 2016 to 2019 were obtained to verify the validity of the model. The patients were grouped according to age and gender, and each transaction record was converted into a standardized score V(0-100 scores), all transactions were divided into 22 groups according to V value. The Cochran-Armitage trend test was used to analyze the variation trend of enrichment rate with the increase of V value. Chi-square test was used to compare the chargeback rates of different groups. The correlation between the standardized score V and the amount of chargeback was tested by Pearson.Results:There were 872 599 and 86 356 hospitalization transactions for employee and resident medical insurance patients, with included 1 164 and 103 chargeback records respectively. The average score and median of V-value of employee and resident medical insurance transactions were scores of 49 and 50 respectively.When V>0, the enrichment rates of the employee and resident medical insurance were on the rise with the increasing of V( Z=23.86, P<0.001; Z=11.02, P<0.001), the refusal rates among different groups was significant different( χ2=1 307.16, P<0.001)and the correlation between V value and the chargeback amount was statistically significant( r=0.29, P<0.001; r=0.30, P=0.003). Conclusions:This study established a clue enrichment model of excessive medical behavior based on the rank assignment method. By analyzing a large number of medical insurance transaction records, the model can focus on the medical insurance transaction with suspected excessive medical treatment behavior, and has a certain guiding role in the management of medical insurance fund.